The rotation of Earth around its axis is responsible for which of the following?
- A. The force of gravity
- B. The day and night cycle
- C. The temperature differences between seasons
- D. The movement of continents relative to one another
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: B
The rotation of Earth around its axis creates the day and night cycle, as different parts of the planet face the Sun and then move into its shadow. This explains why we experience daytime and nighttime in a 24-hour period. Option A is incorrect; gravity is primarily caused by Earth's mass, not its rotation. Option C is also wrong; temperature differences between seasons are due to Earth's tilt and its orbit around the Sun, not its rotation. Lastly, option D misrepresents the concept; the movement of continents is influenced by tectonic activity, not the rotation of Earth.
The rotation of Earth around its axis creates the day and night cycle, as different parts of the planet face the Sun and then move into its shadow. This explains why we experience daytime and nighttime in a 24-hour period. Option A is incorrect; gravity is primarily caused by Earth's mass, not its rotation. Option C is also wrong; temperature differences between seasons are due to Earth's tilt and its orbit around the Sun, not its rotation. Lastly, option D misrepresents the concept; the movement of continents is influenced by tectonic activity, not the rotation of Earth.
Other Related Questions
Which of the following is true about the nucleus of an atom?
- A. The nucleus has a negative charge.
- B. The nucleus is neutral with no charge.
- C. The electrons and protons are located in the nucleus.
- D. The neutrons and protons are located in the nucleus.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: D
The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, making option D accurate. Protons carry a positive charge, while neutrons are neutral, contributing to the overall positive charge of the nucleus. Option A is incorrect because the nucleus does not have a negative charge; it is positively charged due to protons. Option B is also wrong, as the nucleus is not neutral; it has a positive charge from the protons. Lastly, option C is misleading because electrons are located outside the nucleus in electron shells, not within it.
The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, making option D accurate. Protons carry a positive charge, while neutrons are neutral, contributing to the overall positive charge of the nucleus. Option A is incorrect because the nucleus does not have a negative charge; it is positively charged due to protons. Option B is also wrong, as the nucleus is not neutral; it has a positive charge from the protons. Lastly, option C is misleading because electrons are located outside the nucleus in electron shells, not within it.
Which of the following best describes a comet?
- A. A small planet orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter.
- B. A chunk composed primarily of metal that enters Earth's atmosphere.
- C. A chunk composed primarily of rock, ice, and dust orbiting the Sun in an elliptical path.
- D. A dark region that appears periodically on the surface of the Sun.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: C
Option C accurately describes a comet as a chunk composed primarily of rock, ice, and dust that orbits the Sun in an elliptical path. This definition captures the essential components and behavior of comets. Option A incorrectly defines a comet as a small planet, which is misleading; comets are distinct from asteroids and do not have the same characteristics. Option B describes a meteoroid, which is a metallic chunk entering Earth's atmosphere, not a comet. Option D refers to sunspots, which are dark regions on the Sun's surface, unrelated to comets. Each incorrect option misrepresents the nature of comets, highlighting the unique characteristics of these celestial bodies.
Option C accurately describes a comet as a chunk composed primarily of rock, ice, and dust that orbits the Sun in an elliptical path. This definition captures the essential components and behavior of comets. Option A incorrectly defines a comet as a small planet, which is misleading; comets are distinct from asteroids and do not have the same characteristics. Option B describes a meteoroid, which is a metallic chunk entering Earth's atmosphere, not a comet. Option D refers to sunspots, which are dark regions on the Sun's surface, unrelated to comets. Each incorrect option misrepresents the nature of comets, highlighting the unique characteristics of these celestial bodies.
Earth's diameter is approximately 12,700 kilometers. Which of the following layers is located approximately 6,000 kilometers beneath Earth's surface and is composed primarily of iron and nickel?
- A. The core
- B. The crust
- C. The lithosphere
- D. The mantle
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: A
The core, located about 6,000 kilometers beneath Earth's surface, is primarily composed of iron and nickel, making it the densest layer of the planet. The crust, option B, is the outermost layer and is much shallower, averaging only about 30 kilometers thick. Option C, the lithosphere, includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, but it does not reach anywhere near 6,000 kilometers deep. The mantle, option D, lies between the crust and the core, extending to about 2,900 kilometers down, but it is primarily composed of silicate minerals, not iron and nickel.
The core, located about 6,000 kilometers beneath Earth's surface, is primarily composed of iron and nickel, making it the densest layer of the planet. The crust, option B, is the outermost layer and is much shallower, averaging only about 30 kilometers thick. Option C, the lithosphere, includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle, but it does not reach anywhere near 6,000 kilometers deep. The mantle, option D, lies between the crust and the core, extending to about 2,900 kilometers down, but it is primarily composed of silicate minerals, not iron and nickel.
Which of the following best predicts what will happen when white light passes through a green object?
- A. The object will mostly reflect the green part of the light.
- B. The object will mostly absorb the green part of the light.
- C. The object will appear black.
- D. The object will appear white.
Correct Answer & Rationale
Correct Answer: A
When white light passes through a green object, the object primarily reflects green wavelengths while absorbing others. This reflection causes the object to appear green to our eyes. Option B is incorrect because if the object absorbed the green part of the light, it would not appear green. Option C is not valid, as a black appearance would result from the object absorbing all wavelengths of light, not reflecting any. Option D is also wrong; an object appears white when it reflects all wavelengths of light equally, which does not apply to a green object.
When white light passes through a green object, the object primarily reflects green wavelengths while absorbing others. This reflection causes the object to appear green to our eyes. Option B is incorrect because if the object absorbed the green part of the light, it would not appear green. Option C is not valid, as a black appearance would result from the object absorbing all wavelengths of light, not reflecting any. Option D is also wrong; an object appears white when it reflects all wavelengths of light equally, which does not apply to a green object.